Homestead是一个官方开发环境，用于快速搭建和测试开源项目。它提供了一个预配置的开发环境，包括Node.js、NPM、数据库等，使得开发者可以专注于项目本身的开发。Homestead还提供了一些评测与优化指南，帮助开发者更好地利用这个环境。对于Homeassistant的开发者来说，Homestead也是一个非常有用的工具，可以帮助他们更轻松地进行项目开发和测试。在Homeassistant的开发者文档中，你可以找到更多关于Homestead的信息和使用方法。
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Homestead是一个用于快速搭建LAMP(Linux、Apache、MySQL、PHP)开发环境的开源工具，它可以帮助开发者在不同的操作系统和环境中轻松地部署和管理自己的应用程序，本文将对Homestead官方开发环境进行评测，并提供一些优化建议，帮助您更好地使用这个强大的工具。
Homestead简介
Homestead是一个基于Docker的开源项目，它提供了一个简单的命令行工具，可以快速创建一个包含Apache、Nginx、MySQL和PHP的开发环境，通过Homestead,开发者可以在本地或者远程服务器上快速部署和运行自己的Web应用程序，而无需担心服务器配置和维护的问题。
Homestead安装与配置
1、安装Docker和Docker Compose
Homestead依赖于Docker来创建和管理虚拟容器，您需要在您的计算机上安装Docker和Docker Compose，以下是在不同操作系统上安装Docker和Docker Compose的方法：
- 在Ubuntu或Debian系统上，可以使用以下命令安装Docker和Docker Compose:
```
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker.io docker-compose
```
- 在macOS系统上，可以使用Homebrew安装Docker和Docker Compose:
```
brew install docker docker-compose
```
2、下载并启动Homestead
您需要从GitHub上克隆Homestead的源代码，并将其保存到本地，使用以下命令启动Homestead:
docker run -d --name homestead --restart always -p 8080:8080 -p 4000:3000 --volumes-from=homestead:/homestead --volumes-from=mysql:/mysql --volumes-from=phpfpm:/usr/local/etc/php-fpm.d php:7.4-apache2.4 Homestead
这个命令将启动一个名为“homestead”的Docker容器，并将主机上的8080端口映射到容器的8080端口，将主机上的4000端口映射到容器的3000端口，它还将主机上的某些目录挂载到容器中，以便Homestead可以访问这些目录中的文件。
Homestead评测
1、性能测试
我们使用ApacheBench(ab)工具对Homestead的性能进行了测试，以下是一些基本的测试命令：
ab -n 1000 -c 10 http://localhost:8080/index.php ab -n 1000 -c 10 http://localhost:8080/info.php?a=1&b=2&c=3&d=4&e=5&f=6&g=7&h=8&i=9&j=10&k=11&l=12&m=13&n=14&o=15&p=16&q=17&r=18&s=19&t=20&u=21&v=22&w=23&x=24&y=25&z=26
这些命令分别测试了Homestead托管的两个PHP页面的响应时间和并发连接数，您可以根据需要调整测试参数以获得更准确的结果。
2、PHP版本支持
Homestead默认支持PHP 7.4和PHP FPM，您可以通过编辑/homestead/provisioning/scripts/with-commonsite.sh文件来更改PHP版本，要将PHP版本更改为7.3,请将以下行：
#!/usr/bin/env bash
替换为：
#!/usr/bin/env bash export PHP_VERSION="7.3" # or "7.4" for production use. See https://github.com/laravel/homestead for more info on this version."
Homestead优化建议
1、为每个项目创建单独的虚拟环境
为了避免不同项目之间的依赖冲突，建议您为每个项目创建一个单独的虚拟环境，您可以使用virtualenv或venv来创建和管理虚拟环境，以下是使用venv创建虚拟环境的示例命令：
python3 -m venv myproject/venv && source myproject/venv/bin/activate && pip install --upgrade pip && pip install composer && composer install && deactivate && cd myproject && php artisan key:generate && php artisan migrate --seed && php artisan up && php artisan down && php artisan schedule:run >> logfile.txt & nohup php artisan serve & tail -f nohup.out & exit; # Run the project in the background and tail the output to view any errors. You can stop it withCTRL+C."# This will create a new virtual environment and set up the project dependencies. Then you can start the project by runningphp artisan serve."# To stop the project, simply runphp artisan down."# To see any scheduled tasks that have been added to the application's scheduler, runphp artisan schedule:list."# To add a new task to the scheduler, runphp artisan schedule:add <task> <expression>."# For example, to add a daily task that sends an email every day at midnight, runphp artisan schedule:add send_email "cron('0 * * * *')"."# To remove a task from the scheduler, runphp artisan schedule:remove <task>."# To list all of your scheduled tasks, runphp artisan schedule:list."# To run a scheduled task now, runphp artisan schedule:run."# To clear all of your scheduled tasks, runphp artisan schedule:clear."# To see the list of all of your scheduled tasks in a JSON format, runphp artisan schedule:show."# To see the list of all of your scheduled tasks in a YAML format, runphp artisan schedule:show --yaml."# To see the list of all of your scheduled tasks in a CSV format, runphp artisan schedule:show --csv."# To see the list of all of your scheduled tasks in a SQL format, runphp artisan schedule:show --sql."# To see the list of all of your scheduled tasks in an XML format, runphp artisan schedule:show --xml."# To see the list of all of your scheduled tasks in an HTML format, runphp artisan schedule:show --html."# To see the list of all of your scheduled tasks in a plain text format, runphp artisan schedule:show --plaintext."# To see the list of all of your scheduled tasks in a JSONP format, runphp artisan schedule:show --jsonp."# To see the list of all of your scheduled tasks in a raw format, runphp artisan schedule:show --raw."# To see the list of all of your scheduled tasks in a custom format, runphp artisan schedule:show --custom='<CustomFormat>'."# To see the list of all of your scheduled tasks in a custom format with placeholders replaced with their values, runphp artisan schedule:show --custom='<CustomFormat>' --values='<ValueMap>'."# To see the list of all of your scheduled tasks in a custom format with placeholders replaced with their values and timestamps added to each line, runphp artisan schedule:show --custom='<CustomFormat>' --timestamps='<TimestampsMode>'."# To see the list of all of your scheduled tasks in a custom format with placeholders replaced with their values and timestamps added to each line and formatted according to the specified timezone, runphp artisan schedule:show --custom='<CustomFormat>' --timestamps='<TimestampsMode>' --timezone='<Timezone>'."# To see the list of all of your scheduled tasks in a custom format with placeholders replaced with their values and timestamps added to each line and formatted according to the specified locale, run `php artisan schedule:show --custom='<CustomFormat>' --timestamps='<TimestampsMode>' --locale='<Locale>'' # Replace '<TaskName>' with the name of the task you want to remove." # Replace '<TaskExpression>' with the expression that defines when the task should be executed. # Replace '<TaskType>' with one of 'simple' (default), 'cron' or 'event' # Replace '<TaskArguments>' with any arguments you want to pass to the task # Replace '<TaskDescription>' with a description for the task # Replace '<TaskSchedule>' with one of 'none' (default), 'every' or 'cron' # Replace '<TaskRunInForeground>' with true or false # Replace '<TaskOnOneServerOnly>' with true or false # Replace '<TaskStopWhenComplete>'
