Vagrant是一个基于Ruby的工具，用于创建和部署虚拟化开发环境。它使用Oracle的开源VirtualBox虚拟化系统，使用Chef创建自动化虚拟环境。 ，，Vagrant的核心功能包括快速新建虚拟机、快速设置端口转发、自定义镜像打包(原始镜像方式、增量补丁方式)、日常能用到的基础配置都能快速设置、开机启动自动运行命令等。
在软件开发过程中，虚拟化技术已经成为一种越来越受欢迎的解决方案，Vagrant是一个开源的工具，用于管理虚拟机及其依赖关系，它可以帮助开发者更轻松地创建和管理虚拟环境，本文将对Vagrant虚拟化环境进行评测，并提供一些优化建议，以帮助您充分利用这一工具。
1、简介
Vagrant是一个基于Ruby编写的软件，它允许开发者通过简单的命令来配置和管理虚拟机，Vagrant的主要目标是简化虚拟机的创建、配置和部署过程，从而提高开发人员的生产力，Vagrant的核心组件包括：
- Vagrantfile:一个描述虚拟机配置的文件，包含了主机系统、软件包、网络设置等信息。
- Vagrant Plugins:一组插件，提供了额外的功能，如自动安装软件、配置网络等。
- Vagrant SCM:支持多种版本控制系统，如Git、Subversion等，方便开发者协同开发。
- Vagrant Sync:用于同步本地和远程仓库中的代码，确保每次开发都基于最新的代码。
2、评测
2、1 安装与配置
Vagrant的安装非常简单，只需在终端中运行以下命令即可：
sudo apt-get install vagrant
我们需要初始化Vagrant环境：
vagrant init ubuntu/trusty64 --box-version 20190514.3
这将在当前目录下生成一个名为“Vagrantfile”的文件，我们可以在这个文件中配置虚拟机的各种设置，我们可以指定要使用的镜像、网络类型等。
2、2 启动虚拟机
使用以下命令启动虚拟机：
vagrant up
这将下载镜像、安装软件、配置网络等，并在完成后启动虚拟机，如果一切顺利，您应该可以在浏览器中通过http://localhost:8000访问虚拟机。
2、3 停止虚拟机与销毁资源
要停止虚拟机，请运行以下命令：
vagrant halt
要销毁虚拟机及其资源，请运行以下命令：
vagrant destroy -f
2、4 克隆项目与同步代码
要克隆一个包含Vagrantfile的项目到本地，请运行以下命令：
git clone https://github.com/username/project.git cd project
要在本地和远程仓库之间同步代码，请运行以下命令：
vagrant sync --all --strategy=clone --delete-orphans --no-prompt --exclude "*" --include "Vagrantfile" --verbose
这将根据Vagrantfile中的配置，同步本地和远程仓库中的代码，注意，这个命令可能需要一些时间来完成。
3、优化建议
3、1 使用共享网络驱动器存储项目文件
为了避免在每个虚拟机上重复安装相同的软件包和配置文件，我们可以使用共享网络驱动器来存储这些文件，我们需要在宿主机上创建一个共享文件夹：
mkdir ~/shared-folders/projects/datastore_share && sudo mount --bind /home/your_username/shared-folders/projects/datastore_share ~/shared-folders/projects/datastore_share && sudo chmod a+w ~/shared-folders/projects/datastore_share && echo "shared folder" >> ~/.netrc && cd ~/shared-folders/projects/datastore_share && sudo mount -t cifs //server_ip/shared_folder username password //local_ip/shared_folder -o username=username,password=password & sudo netshare add shared_folder C:\Users\your_username\shared-folders\projects\datastore_share & sudo net use Z: \\server_ip\shared_folder /user:username password /persistent:yes & sudo net use Z: \local_ip\shared_folder /user:username password /persistent:yes & cd ~ && umount Z: && echo "Shared folder unmounted" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore mounted as Z:" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +%H%M%S" >> ~/.netrc && echo "Datastore unmounted as Z:date +//time.synced(Z) & sudo net share delete shared_folder & sudo umount Z & sudo net share delete shared_folder & sudo umount Z & sudo net share delete shared_folder & sudo umount Z & sudo net share delete shared_folder & sudo umount Z & sudo net share delete shared_folder & sudo umount Z & sudo net share delete shared_folder & sudo umount Z & sudo net share delete shared_folder & sudo umount Z & sudo net share delete shared_folder & sudo umount Z & sudo net share delete shared_folder & sudo umount Z & sudo net share delete shared_folder & sudo umount Z & sudo net share delete shared_folder & sudo umount Z & sudo net share delete shared_folder & sudo umount Z & sudo net share delete shared_folder & sudo umount Z & sudo net share delete shared_folder & sudo umount Z & sudo net share delete shared_folder & sudo umount z & exit | tee logfile >&2 | tail | grep '[u]mount' | sed 's/(UMOUNT_\([^)]*)\)/\2 \3/g' | tr ' ' '|' | sed 's/\([^]]*\)//g' | sed 's/\(UMOUNT_\([^)]*\)\)/\2 \3/g' | tr ' ' '|' | sed 's/\(UMOUNT_\([^)]*\)\)/\2 \3/g' | tr ' ' '|' | sed 's/\(UMOUNT_\([^)]*\))/\2 \3/g' > logfile2 >
