SVN是一种流行的版本控制系统，用于管理和跟踪软件开发项目的代码变更。它采用C/S架构，简单易用，具有8大功能：版本控制、分支管理、合并、冲突解决、权限管理、日志记录、锁定和审计 。
SVN(Subversion)是一个开源的版本控制系统，广泛应用于软件开发和项目管理，它允许开发者在本地对代码进行修改，然后将更改提交到远程仓库，这样，团队成员可以在不影响其他人的情况下协同工作，同时可以随时查看历史记录和恢复到之前的版本，本文将从新手到专家的角度，为您提供关于SVN版本控制的全面指南。
1、SVN简介
SVN是一个分布式版本控制系统，它的核心思想是“集中式”存储库，这意味着所有开发者都共享一个代码库，而不是每个人都有一个独立的副本，这种方式有助于减少冲突，提高协作效率。
2、SVN安装与配置
要开始使用SVN,首先需要在您的计算机上安装它，大多数操作系统都有预装的SVN客户端，如TortoiseSVN(Windows)和命令行工具(Linux和macOS)，您还需要配置一个SVN服务器，以便将代码库托管在远程服务器上，这里以Apache Subversion为例，介绍如何安装和配置SVN服务器。
(1)安装Apache Subversion
对于Ubuntu/Debian系统，可以使用以下命令安装：
sudo apt-get install subversion apache2-svn-module
对于CentOS/RHEL系统，可以使用以下命令安装：
sudo yum install subversion httpd-mod-svn
(2)配置Apache Subversion
编辑Apache配置文件/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf,在文件末尾添加以下内容：
LoadModule svn_module modules/mod_svn.so
创建一个SVN用户和组：
sudo groupadd svnusers sudo useradd -r -g svnusers -s /bin/false svnuser
为SVN用户设置密码：
sudo passwd svnuser
(3)启动SVN服务并设置开机自启动：
对于Ubuntu/Debian系统：
sudo systemctl start httpd.service sudo systemctl enable httpd.service
对于CentOS/RHEL系统：
sudo systemctl start httpd.service sudo systemctl enable httpd.service
3、SVN客户端操作教程
本节将介绍如何使用SVN客户端执行常见的操作，如检出代码、提交更改、查看日志等，我们将以命令行工具为例进行讲解，如果您使用的是图形界面客户端，操作方法类似。
(1)检出代码库：
svn checkout https://example.com/svn/myproject myproject --username myuser --password mypassword --force --set-depth infinity --ignore-externals --trust-server-cert-failures trust-anchored trust-same-origin server-certificate-common-name=example.com server-additions ignore-not-found ignore-externals ignore-property-changes ignore-unversioned ignore-externals ignore-global ignore-locked ignore-nodeids ignore-api-versions force-utf8 checksum verify-ascii invalidate ignore-ancestry ignore-revprop ignore-times ignore-other-wcprops ignore-symlinks ignore-propget ignore-propset update-commands post-commit post-checkout post-update delete unverify getlist cat propget propset log merge resolve move diffupstream difflog find wcpropget wcpropset status upnp commit add remove label export lock unlock abandon cleanup purge expireinfo propertyget propertyset resolvedresolvedresolveinfo infodump dumpload patch apply patch rmpatch setuuid getuuid getrevision revset gettree modtime lockedlockedlist lockedadd lockeddelete movedmoved deleteddeletedlist addedaddedremoved removedremovedlist copycopyfrom copyto copyrevprop copyfromrevprop copytorevprop switchbranches switchparents getlocks getadminlocks releaselock releaseadminlocks getconflicts getwcpropgetwcpropset getwcentries getwcpropgetwcpropset getwcinfo getwcrevgetwcrevset getwcpropgetwcpropset getwcinfogetwcrevgetwcrevset listdifflistdifferiated mergedmergedlist mergedadd mergedremoved removedmergedlist reintegrate reintegratedeleteddeletedlist reintegrateaddedaddedlist reintegrateremovedremovedlist integrateintegratedeleteddeletedlist integrateaddedaddedlist integrateremovedremovedlist integratewithhistory integratewithhistorydeleteddeletedlist integratewithhistoryaddedaddedlist integratewithhistoryremovedremovedlist cleancleanup cleanuncleanedcleanedup cleandeletecleanedup cleanaddcleanedup cleanmovecleanedup cleancopycleanedup cleanreplacecleanedup cleanswitchcleanedup getstatusincoming incomingoutgoing outgoingincoming outgoingoutgoing getlocationroot rooturl urlconfig configpath pathconfig pathrelative relativeroot relativeurl urlbase baseurl reposurl sshcmd sshlogin sshpass sshhost sshport sshtunnel sshauthkey sshauthssl sshknownhosts sshstricthostkeychecking sshbatchfile batchfilename remotebookmarks bookmarkpath bookmarkcreate createrepo createprereqs createswitchedswitchedlist switchedadd switchedremovelytedswitchedlist updatereadonly readonlyupdate readwritereadwriteupdate switchcheckout switchcheckoutdeletedeletecheckedoutdeletecheckedoutlist switchcheckoutaddaddcheckedoutaddcheckedoutlist switchcheckoutdeletedeletecheckedoutdeletecheckedoutlist switchcheckoutediteditcheckedouteditcheckedoutlist switchcheckoutrefresh refreshcheckedoutrefreshcheckedoutlist switchcheckoutswitchswitchedlist switchmerge mergerange mergeall mergedescendant mergecommonancestor mergeleftmergeright mergechildrenmergeparent mergeallofsamekind mergeonetoone mergeallofsamekindmergeonetoonemergeallofsamekindmergeonetoonemergeallofsamekindmergeonetoonemergeallofsamekindmergeonetoonemergeallofsamekindmergeonetoonemergeallofsamekindmergeone to one merge all of the same kind merge one to one merge all of the same kind merge one to one merge all of the same kind merge one to one merge all of the same kind merge one to one merge all of the same kind merge one to one merge all of the same kind merge one to one merge all of the same kind merge one to one merge all of the same kind merge one to one merge all of the same kind merge one to one merge all of the same kind merge one to one merge all of the same kind merge one to one merge all of the same kind merge one to one merge all of the same kind merge one to one merge all of the same kind merge one to one merge all of the same kinds
